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salvage anthropology
Salvage anthropology is related to salvage ethnography, but often refers specifically to the collection of cultural artifacts and human remains, rather than the general collection of data and images.
== Origins of Term ==
When the term was coined in the 1960s, it referred mainly to archeological efforts to find cultural information before an area was obliterated by the construction of reservoirs, power plants, or roads, or before land was leveled for irrigation.〔J. Hester, “Primary Methods in Salvage Anthropology,” Anthropological Quarterly 41, No. 3 Dam Anthropology: River Basin Research (Special Issue) (July 1968): 132, http://www.jstor.org/stable/3316788.〕 These projects were often conducted under time restrictions, based on when the area was slated for destruction.〔J. Hester, “Primary Methods in Salvage Anthropology,” Anthropological Quarterly 41, No. 3 Dam Anthropology: River Basin Research (Special Issue) (July 1968): 134, http://www.jstor.org/stable/3316788.〕
Despite the origins of the term, "salvage anthropology" is most frequently used to describe Euro-American attempts to “preserve” American Indian culture in the 19th and 20th centuries.
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